Maitland Genealogy - THE PARKES FAMILY

The Parkes family of Willenhall, makers of Union Locks, includes Cope from Warwickshire and Turners from Staffordshire/Shropshire.

Home Page

Issue Date: 19/3/2007.

Sources:
1. Civil BMD Records              2. Parish Records.
3. IGI/AF.                        4. Census.
5. Family interview.              6: Newspaper & other publications   
7: Wills                          8: Tombstone
9. Family History                 9w: JP&S Documented history.
9a: AS Parkes.                    9p: Photo Albums.
10: trade directory               JB:  Jill Bradley

INDEX OF PRINCIPAL ANCESTORS:

RICHARD PARKES

                 |JOSIAH PARKES

                 |                       |Thomas Dunton

                 |                 |Isaac Dunton

                 |                 |     |         |John Blakemyre

                 |                 |     |     |John Blakemyre

                 |                 |     |Judith Blakemore

                 |                 |           |Alice Poole

                 |           |Thomas Dunton

                 |           |     |Ann Fellows

                 |      JANE DUNTON

                 |           |     |Samuel Whitehouse

                 |           |Jane Whitehouse

           |JOSIAH PARKES

           |     |           |Richard Turner

           |     |     |WILLIAM TURNER

           |     |BEATRICE TURNER

           |           |     |William Cooper

           |           |Sarah Cooper

           |                  |     |James Sparrey

           |                  |Elizabeth Sparrey

           |                       |Elizabeth Sparrey

     |WILLIAM EDMUND PARKES

     |     |                 |RICHARD COPE

     |     |           |RICHARD COPE

     |     |           |     |    |Francis Richardson 

     |     |           |     |SARAH RICHARDSON

     |     |     |WILLIAM COPE

     |     |CATHERINE COPE

     |           |      JOHN GANDY

     |           |SARAH GANDY

Arthur Parkes

     |

     |ELIZABETH FRYER

Appendices:

1. Willenhall

2. Lock Making in Walsall (& Willenhall)

3. Bobbington

4. Trysull

Fryer Family

Parkes Wills full text

Summary

     Our Parkes family originated in the West Midlands and were the founders and major shareholders in Josiah Parkes & Sons, lock manufacturers of Willenhall, whose trademark "Union" became well known in the world building trade. The Parkes name, unusual in much of England, is a very common name in the Midlands.

    They married into various families, some of whom were migrants from the country areas, presumably in search of work. The rise of this family and the country immigrants to the industrial areas is an example of the way the population moved and built up during and after the English Industrial Revolution.

     The line can be traced back to Richard Parkes, a baker, born in Dudley about 1742. The plethora of Parkes's in the area makes it difficult to go further back with any certainty. We descend from Richard's son, Josiah by his third wife (of four), Jane Dunton, whose family goes back to the early 17thC in Dudley. Josiah 1 was at first a schoolteacher and later a dyer in Bilston. His son, Josiah 2, by his second wife, Beatrice Turner, was the Josiah Parkes who founded the Lock business. The Turners came from an extensive family in and around Bobbington, South West of Wolverhampton. Josiah 2's wife, Catherine Cope, was from a Warwickshire family who probably appeared in the area via work on the newly built canals.

     The lock business was continued into the 20thC by Josiah 2's eldest son, William Edmund (WEP) and later by WEP's sons, Cyril and Arthur. Their mother, Elizabeth Fryer, came from a family of painters and decorators from near Alcester in Warwickshire. Arthur Parkes was the grandfather of the author of this paper. This male Parkes line died out with Arthur and Cyril, both of whom had daughters only. The family remained involved in the business for one more generation, with Donald Maitland who married Arthur's elder daughter, Rosemary.

     The initial research on this branch of the family was carried out on behalf of Professor Sir Alan Parkes, FRS, justifying his request for grant of Arms. He published it in an appendix to his autobiography.

     There were Parkes in Willenhall in 1770 Trade Directory, but probably not our branch. They were Brass Knob Lock Makers of Little London. The trade directories of the time show how the manual trades of an industry such as lockmaking were divided, showing people with specific trades such as key maker. In later times, these specialities disappeared into the main businesses. An interesting effect of this early craft industry was that locks and door furniture were personal, valuable property. Many pre industrialisation doors show how the door furniture was changed frequently as owners moved on, taking their locks with them.

    Papers on industrialisation in Britain, with reference to Canals, and other items of interest is found here.

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************************** GENERATION 4 **************************
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ARTHUR JOSIAH PARKES
                                 AM04/03

Go here

Issue of Arthur and Ethel (Lister) Parkes:
1/1. Rosemary Parkes, married Donald Maitland.
1/2. Elizabeth Ursula (Bunch) Parkes, married Peter Waddell.

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WILLIAM EDMUND PARKES
                                 AM05/05

WE Parkes Picture

BC, MC, DC & Will held.
Born¹: 7/4/1855 at father's address: Union St, Willenhall. 
Parents: Josiah & Catherine (Cope) Parkes.
Married¹: Elizabeth Fryer on 18/5/1881, Birmingham.
Died¹: 20/6/1920, of Fernside, the Manor, Willenhall.

The following description of WE Parkes is compiled from histories of Josiah Parkes & Sons and from census and other records.

     In 1866, He was at Mr F.K. Williams Commercial & Mathematical Academy, Pipe Hall, Bilston. Two books of his "penmanship" from 1866 and 1868 have survived. The second finishes with a pencil drawing of a country dwelling dated Xmas 1868, and is well executed for a 13 year old. Maybe this is where his son, Arthur's painting skill came from⁹.

     WE joined his father and brothers as a clerk in JP&S in 1870's, when Josiah set up a company with him as iron merchants and hardware factors and they moved into 28 Doctor's Piece. By 1880 business was doing well enough for Josiah to employ three men and expand the premises to 18, 29 & 30 Doctor's Piece, and Josiah Parkes, jnr and John Parkes both joined the firm, which changed its name to Josiah Parkes and Sons. William Edmund concentrated on the hardware section and Josiah looked after the iron merchanting^9w.    

      William lived at Doctor's Piece in the 1880's, but was staying with the Fryer family in Birmingham in the day of the Census in 1881: this removed any doubt about the correct Fryer line! He then described himself as a hardware merchant.

     In 1887 Josiah Parkes Snr retired and in January 1888 a new partnership under the same name was established between William Edmund, John and James Harry Parkes. Josiah Parkes Jnr carried on the iron merchanting business by himself, whilst the other brothers decided to concentrate on the manufacture of locks. William was Chairman from 1916 or earlier until his death in 1920^9w.

     A photograph exits of William and his wife, Elizabeth, as a young couple in a formal pose. The photographers address was in Sunderland: perhaps the picture was taken on their honeymoon?

     William and Elizabeth lived at Walsall Rd, Willenhall in 1890 when their younger son, AJ Parkes was born, and later (ref RJLP) the Manor Estate, Willenhall (inheriting his father's house, Fernside) and Paget Rd (WEP).  He was a Justice of the Peace and on the newly formed Willenhall Urban District Council. (see http://www.shercliff.demon.co.uk/WHS/wudchistory.htm)

     When his father died in 1899, he was of Thompson St. By 1901, he and his brothers, Josiah and Harry, his mother and Samuel Lister lived in Bank Street, Willenhall.

     He left the majority of his estate, after provision for Elizabeth, to his two sons, with the option of WCP gaining the controlling interest in the Company, which is what happened, something which annoyed the younger son, AJP, in later life⁷.

     An attempt was made by the trustees of his will to simplify the will and leave all equally between the sons. It appears to have failed.

     In surviving photographs, he appears to be a humorous man, always with a nice smile on his face and neatly turned out, with a beard. Like most of his contemporary family, he seems to have been religious, probably Methodist, and maybe teetotal (on the slim evidence of staying at a temperance hotel in Liverpool in 1912!).

ELIZABETH FRYER
                                 AM05/06

BC, MC, DC & Will held.

Born¹: 28/3/1853 @ Lady Wood Grove, Edgbaston.
Parents: William, (Plumber & Glazier) & Caroline (Stait) Fryer.
Married: W.E. Parkes
Died¹: 18/5/1927 @ Draycott Cottage, Newbridge Rd, W'ton.

Elizabeth Fryer seems to have been born at her brother's house in Egbaston. The family lived in Birmingham, but retained contact with her mother's family in Temple Grafton, Warwickshire, visiting in 18614. The presence of her fiancee in the 1881 census staying in her parental home confirms that this is the correct Elizabeth Fryer. It appears that her Fryer grandfather lived in Union Street, Willenhall, this being probably the connection (see William Fryer below). We have a photograph album, put together by her for William Cyril, the annotations show her affection for her husband: there are a few pictures of her, in particular one of her as a pretty girl of about 11 years old. She only appears as an old lady in AJ Parkes' photograph album with his family on holidays in Wales. Her granddaughter, RJLP, has little memory of her.

From photograph inscription, probably lived at Draycott Cottage, Newbridge Avenue, Sept 1922-May 1927

For full details, see Fryer Family File

Issue of WE Parkes & Elizabeth Fryer:
1/1.  William Cyril Parkes
   Born⁵: 3/12/1887
   Died⁵: 8/3/1966, Funeral 15/3 1230 St Giles Willenhall.
   Married⁵: Beatrice Newman. (b abt 1880, d 5/4/1965), prob abt
   July 1918.
            Beatrice Newman, dau of Thomas & Emma,
            Ch of Thomas & Emma: Betty, Em, Bea & Maude.
            Thomas Newman, res 170, Sweetman St, 1890
            Thomas s of Thomas & Elizabeth

William Cyril Parkes (later CW Parkes, CWP - his wife did not approve of the initials "WC"!), elder son of William Edmund Parkes, joined the family business in 1903.

Medal Awards show was Captain during the 1st war, sailing to France 1/3/1915 in the 6th South Staffordshire Regiment, and was awarded the Victory medal and the 1915 Star. In May 1916, he may have been a Captain, 6th Battalion (South Staffs), TA. He was a Captain when AJP married, 4/1915.

He was seriously wounded about 1916, and invalided out of the service. He rejoined JP&S with his father. After the latter's death in 1920, CWP became MD and was shortly joined by AJP. He remained as Chairman for much of the rest of his life. Under the terms of his father's will, he was the major shareholder in JP&S. He was a keen country sports person, shooting and salmon fishing.

   Issue:
   2/1. Joy Bridget Parkes, born 8/3/1922, Wolverhampton, died
      1995, near Angouleme, France.
      Married: Norman Athol Power - further details

1/2. Arthur Josiah Parkes (1890-1968).

DETAILS OF WILLIAM EDMUND PARKES (1855-1920):

Married: Elizabeth Fryer
Married on 18/5/1881, at Mount Zion Chapel, Graham St, B'ham. (Baptist)
His Age: 26. His Occupation: Hardware Merchant.
Residence: Doctor's Piece, Willenhall.
Father: Josiah, his occupation: Hardware Merchant.
Her Age: 28. residing at Broad St Birmingham.
Her father: William Fryer, his occupation: Painter & Decorator.
Witnesses: Josiah Parkes jnr & Elizabeth Parkes.
           (WEP's Brother & sister)

1861 Census: Union St, Willenhall with family.
1864: Trades Directory, W & J Parkes, Iron Merchants, Lock Latch & Bolt makers, Union St.
1871 Census, Union St, Willenhall:
Josiah (48, Iron Merchant, Gornal), Catherine (49, Bilston), William Edmund (17, Clerk to Iron Merchant), Josiah (14), John (9), Elizabeth (11), Ebeneezer Thomas (7), James Harry (4) All children born in Willenhall.

1881 Census:
He was visiting the Fryers at Broad St B'ham but his parents were at 7, Doctor's Piece, Willenhall.
1881 (Marriage): age 26, Hardware Merchant @ Doctor's Piece, Willenhall.
1891 Census: 6, Walsall Rd, Willenhall:
William E. (36, Hardware Merchant, Willenhall), Elizabeth (38, B'ham, Warwick), William C. (3, Willenhall), Arthur J (0, Willenhall).
1899 (father's death): Thompson St, Willenhall.
1901 Census, Bank St, Willenhall:
Will'm Edmund Parkes (Hd, 45, Lock Manufacturer, Employer, Willenhall), Elizabeth (48, B'ham), Wm Cyril (13, W'hall), Arthur Josiah (10, W'hall)
1903 (mother's death): Fernside, The Manor, Willenhall.
1915: Lock Manufacturer.

Will:

Probate Lichfield, to AJP & WCP, Lock Manufacturers, & Walter John Edwards, chartered accountant, £16187-0-5d

Will dated 2/12/1917, appointed WC Parkes, AJ Parkes & Walter John Edwards of Waterloo Street Birmingham (Chartered Accountant) Trustees & Executors.

Legacies:
To Elizabeth Parkes, Furniture and household effects
To WC Parkes, 3000 Ordinary shares in JP&S.
To AJ Parkes, 3000 Preference shares in JP&S.

An annuity of 400 pounds for life to wife Elizabeth Parkes.
An annuity of 52 pounds for life to sister Charlotte Foster. An annuity of 52 pounds for life to sister Elizabeth Baxter.

The residuary estate to be divided between sons in equal shares, but that WCP shall be at liberty to take as part of his share and at a value made in accordance with the Articles of Association two thirds of the Ordinary Shares in JP&S which may form part of my residuary estate.

For Full Text of Will

Found in Dower House collection (34-04):
Addressed to Miss Lizzie Fryer, 102 Broad St and redirected to 155 Broad St.

Doctors Piece, Willenhall

Tuesday August 17th 1875.

Dear Lizzie,

     I trust that long ere this you have arrived safe at home, and you will see by this that I am here quite safe. I had a special train from Bescot, being the only passenger to Willenhall and so that you may be sure I did not have quite so much crushing etc as there was at Walsall. I hope that you enjoyed yourself during your short stay here, I shall be very happy indeed when I shall see you here again.

    Dear Elizza, I hope I am not too late to ask you for your love and to offer mine in return, so that we may for ever be happy in each others fellowship. I had thought of speaking personaly to you about this but did not have a favourable opportunity so I resolved to write and I do pray that I may receive a favourable reply from you whom I so dearly love so now dearest Lizzie I must conclude this short note praying that the blessing of him that dwelt in the bush ever abide upon both of us and that we may blessed for aye. Awaiting your reply, Your affectionately, Wllm E Parkes.

Post script: I shall write to Mr Fryer upon receipt of a favourable reply from you. WEP

So what happened between 1875 and their marriage in 1881!?
WEP at this time was only 20 and she 22.

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JOSIAH PARKES (2)
                                AM06/09

Census 61,71,81,91
PR ch, MC, DC, Will.

PR/IGI shows:
Ch²: 9/9/1823 @ Lower Gornal Chapel (records start mid 1823)
     Abode: Upper Gornal.
Parents: Josiah & Beatrice
Married¹: Catherine Cope 10/10/1847 @ Independent Chapel, Queen St?
          Wolverhampton.
Died⁵: Fernside, Willenhall, 7/8/1899, aged 76 (ref Tombstone).
DC gives address: Bank St, Willenhall, age 75, retired ironmerchant.

The following is an amalgam of verbal records (mainly DS Maitland) and a good history of JP&S prepared by the Chubb Archivist.

     Josiah and his elder brother were both born in Gornal, and were "chapel": Josiah's eldest son, William was a Methodist and brought his sons up in that branch of Christianity. The Methodist church was strong in the industrial areas in Victorian times, and encouraged the widespread use of biblical names for the children.

    Josiah Parkes and Sons Ltd (lock manufacturers) was founded around 1840 in Willenhall by Josiah Parkes (1823-99) and his brother, William, and they began their partnership as iron merchants, having premises at 28, 29 and 30 Doctor's Piece. Josiah Parkes had been apprenticed to Hickman's Iron Works in Bilston and was an iron roller, living with his parents in Oxford Street, between 1841 and 1847, when he was married, but in the evenings he helped his brothers in the ironmongery. His wife's family also lived in Bilston, where her father was a labourer. When he was 27, he and his wife, Catherine, moved to premises at 3, Union Street and Josiah began working full-time in the ironmongers. The Parkes brothers traded very successfully in iron and steel with the locksmiths and also traded in the smith's finished products. Most small businesses at this time operated out of workshops at the back of their houses and this is what William and Josiah had been doing, But in 1861 they moved to larger premises - William to 78 Union St with his wife, Elizabeth and four children, and Josiah to 77 Union St with his wife and five children. As the business grew the Parkes children came into the Company.  William's three sons all joined as iron merchants clerks.

Josiah Parkes had five sons, who were younger than their cousins. Friction developed between the two families about who was going to control the business. To resolve the problem, William and Josiah dissolved the partnership around 1873 and set up two separate businesses, Josiah Parkes and Sons and Parkes, Parkes and Co., both trading from the same address. Later, in 1880, Parkes, Parkes & Co were  at 88 Union St, Rim lock makers^9w.

     During the 1870's and 1880's, the company expanded when Josiah's sons joined the company and Josiah set up a company with one of his sons - William Edmund - as iron merchants and hardware factors and they moved into 28 Doctor's Piece. By 1880 business was doing well enough for Josiah to employ three men and expand the premises to 18, 29 & 30 Doctor's Piece, and Josiah Parkes, jnr and John Parkes both joined the firm, which changed its name to Josiah Parkes and Sons. William Edmund concentrated on the hardware section and Josiah looked after the iron merchanting^9w.

     In 1887 Josiah Parkes Snr retired and in January 1888 a new partnership under the same name was  established between William Edmund, John and James Harry Parkes. Josiah Parkes Jnr carried on the iron merchanting business by himself, whilst the other brothers decided to concentrate on the manufacture of locks^9w.

     Josiah remained involved with the business as is shown by a photograph of the staff of JP&S with Josiah (and Catherine looking very severe and unamused Victorian) in the guise of the patriarch9p.

     As well as those of his sons who joined him in the business, two of his sons-in-law, Leonard Baxter (who apparently married two of Josiah's daughters in turn, Beatrice and Elizabeth) and Richard Foster were also involved. ^4,9w

     He and many of his family are commemorated on a grand tombstone in the Apostolic Temple in Willenhall. This confirmed some details of his family⁸.

     Full details of census etc are shown after children list. His estate was valued at £812, with ET Parkes as executor. He left 8 dwellinghouses, 2 fronting Wood Street, Willenhall and 6 at the back of them, to Catherine for life and then in equal shares to sons Josiah, William and Harry. The rest of his personal and real estate was left to his wife. If his wife predeceased him, this remainder would have been left to his daughters, Charlotte and Elizabeth. It must be assumed that as the three sons were already in business, he had already passed them much of his property and was providing for his daughters' families. The same arrangements were repeated in Catherine's will⁷.

CATHERINE COPE
AM06/10

PR Ch, MC, Will.

Ch2: 10/3/1822 @ Bilston. abode Bradeley, father a Labourer.
Parents: William & Sarah (Gandy) Cope.
Married1: Josiah Parkes, 10/10/1847,
Died8: at Willenhall 14/11/1903, aged 81 (ref Tombstone @ Willenhall).
     DC gives address as Laurel Cottage, Temple Bar.

    Little is known of Catherine Cope; she was born in Bradeley, near Bilston where she was christened. Her father was a labourer. Before her marriage, she was a dressmaker. She and Josiah probably met in Bilston, where she was living with her father. It may be of significance that Josiah's parents and Charlotte's were both married within a year of each other in West Bromwich - maybe this was the earlier connection.

     In her will, she left the income on half of her estate to each of her two surviving daughters, Charlotte and Elizabeth, for their lives. On their deaths, the residue was to be split "per stirpes" between the surviving children and grandchildren.

1901 Census, Bank St, Willenhall:

"Caroline" Parkes (wid, 80, Bradley), May Baxter (g/dau, 21, Willenhall)

Issue of Josiah Parkes & Catherine Cope:

1/19a. Beatrice Parkes: Born: 1854

Married: Leonard Baxter (son of Jane Baxter)
(Ref WEP Photo Album notes and tombstone), Leonard later married her sister, Elizabeth. He worked in the business (JP&S).
Died⁸: 8/4/1887 aged 33 (on Tombstone, called daughter of Josiah).
1871 Census: Wood St, Willenhall, pawnbroker, 18, with Charlotte.
1881 Census, 19, Cemetary Rd, Willenhall:
Leonard Baxter (27, Stamper, Willenhall), Beatrice (28, Willenhall), Lillian Beatrice (2, Willenhall), Mabel Catherine (1, Willenhall).
1891 Census, Regent St, Willenhall (all b Willenhall):
Leonard Baxter (36, Stamper & Piercer in Iron & Steel), Elizabeth (31), Mabel (11, Scholar), Jessie (6, scholar), Leonard J (2), Dorothy (1).

Issue:
2/1^9p. Lilian Beatrice Baxter, born 1879. (ref WEP Album),
   1891 Census^JB, Regent St, Willenhall, aged 12 with g'mother  
   Jane Baxter (aged 67).
   1901 Census^JB, The Terretts, Lapworth, Solihull.
   Governess to children of Edwin Clutterbuck.
2/2. Mabel (May) Catherine Baxter, born 1880.
   1901 Census: Bank St, Willenhall, with grandmother,
   Catherine.
2/3. Jessie Elizabeth Baxter, b abt 1884

1/2⁷. Charlotte Parkes. Born 1854, Willenhall (Census)

Revealed in WE Parkes will, when he left a legacy to his sister, Charlotte Foster. A legatee in Josiah & Catherine Parkes's wills.
Married Richard Foster, an employee of JP&S.
1871 Census: Wood St, Willenhall, pawnbroker, 17, with Beatrice.
1881 Census, 60 New Hall Rd, Willenhall:
Richard Foster (31, Willenhall), Charlotte (27, Willenhall), Ernest J (2), Richard WC (1).
1891 Census, Temple Bar, Willenhall (all b Willenhall):
Richard W. Foster (39, File Cutter (master)), Charlotte (36), Ernest J. (12, scholar), Richard W. (10, Scholar), Charlotte (8, scholar), Tom (2).
1901 Census, 89, Union?? St, Willenhall (all b Willenhall):
Richard Foster (49, Lock Manufacturer), Charlotte (47), Ernest (22, Factor Clerk), Richard (21, Engineer), Lottie (19), Tom (12).
Issue (as shown in photographs & census):
2/1. Mr Ernest J. Foster, b abt 1879, shown in JP&S group
   photo.
2/2. Richard W.C. Foster b abt 1880, shown in JP&S group photo.
2/3. Rosie Foster, who "died early (from photo title)".
2/4. Charlotte Foster, b abt 1882.

Died 25/2/1969.
Ref Pateman Tree, Rootsweb Wold Connect.
Married Francis Brockett, (b 9/7/1887, Therfield, Herts, d 25/2/1969) 31/10/1907, Hitchin, Herts. A descendant a family of Brocketts in Hertfordshire, not immediately connected with Lord Brockett.
3/1. Geoffrey Brockett, d 1/1998
3/2. Bernard Francis Brockett, (7/10/1909-9/1/1998),
   M. Ida Nottage (4/3/1909-26/9/1996)
   4/1. Michael Francis Brockett (b 4/12/1935)

2/5. Thomas Alexander Foster, b. abt 1889. Poss M. Annie E.
   Whitehouse, 1915^JB.

1/3. William Edmund Parkes (7/4/1855-1920),

1/4^9a,4. Josiah Parkes ("junior"): Born: 1857
Married: Clara Edge^JB abt 1882, Aston, shown as "Mrs Josiah jnr" in photograph.  Joined father and brothers in JP&S, but later carried on the iron merchanting business by himself^9w.
1881: with parents
1890: @ Morley House, Willenhall,¹⁰
1890: Parkes, Parkes & Co, 88 Union St.¹⁰
1892 a Brassfounder of Wood St.¹⁰
1891 Census, Walsall Rd, Willenhall, (all b W'hall, ex Clara B'ham):
Josiah Parkes (34, Iron Merchant), Clara (36), Florence (8), Ewart WJ (5mths).
1901 Census, Bank St, Willenhall:
Josiah Parkes (Hd, 44, Ironmerchant, Employer, Willenhall), Clara (Wf, 46, B'ham), Florence (dau, 18, Willenhall), Ewert Josiah (10, W'hall).
   2/1. Florence Elizabeth Parkes, 1883, Willenhall.
   2/2. Ewert William Josiah Parkes, 1891, Willenhall.
1/5⁸. Catherine Parkes.
   Born: 1858, died 18/10/1858 aged 7 months (ref Tombstone).
1/6^9a. Elizabeth Parkes: Born: 1859 in Willenhall (Census).

Married: Leonard Baxter as second wife.
A legatee in Josiah & Catherine Parkes's wills.
(referred to in WEP Album and WE Parkes will).
1891 Census, Regent St, Willenhall (all b Willenhall):
Leonard Baxter (36, Stamper & Piercer in Iron & Steel), Elizabeth (31), Mabel (11, Scholar), Jessie (6, scholar), Leonard J. (2) Dorothy (1).
1901 Census, 28, Temple Bar, Willenhall (all b. Willenhall):
Leonard Baxter (47, Employer), Lizzie (41), Leonard J.(12), Dorothy (11), Harold (9), Jane (mother, wid, 76).
Died: 1926 (ASP)
Issue (ASP):
2/1. Leonard Josiah Baxter, born abt 1889.
2/2. Dorothy Nellie Baxter, born abt 1890.
2/3. Harold John Baxter, born abt 1892.

1/7^9a. John Parkes: Born: 1862, Willenhall (Census).

Married: Elizabeth Sharp^ASP 1890, Sunderland^JB.
Worked in the family business. (ref JP&S)
Died⁸: 26/2/1893 (age 31  ref tombstone)
Joined father & brothers in JP&S.
1891 Census, Walsall Rd, Willenhall:
John Parkes (29, Hardware Merchant, Willenhall), Elizabeth (23, Durham), Florence A Sharp (visitor, 18, prob Durham).
Issue:
2/1. John Wilfred Parkes (1891-1967, ref ASP).
   A Chemist, FRIC, worked in chemical industry, latterly for W
   & HM Goulding (Dublin) in Ireland. See AS Parkes for more
   details.
2/2. Harold Ebeneezer Parkes b 1893 (ASP & Census).

Date: Sat, 14 May 2005 11:59:19 +0100
From: "allen hindmarsh"^[i]
John Parkes married Elizabeth Sharp.
Her father was Taylorson Sharp who married Elizabeth Fowler.
His father was Wm Sharp who married Elizabeth Tonkinson 22 June (my birthday but 1948!) 1832
Elizabeth Tonkinson was the daughter of Wm Tonkinson and Frances Garthwaite who married 8 December 1811
Their son, Henry Tonkinson born 31 October 1832 in Hull  married Sarah Robson 24 Dec 1854 in Bishopwearmouth Durham.
Their son William Tonkinson born 20 August 1862 in Sunderland married Emily Judith Saxby 17 September 1894.
....slowly getting there.....

Her father was Wm Alfred Saxby who married Elizabeth Bowman (date as yet not known)
His father was Samuel Saxby who married 1) Elizabeth Looker abt 1822 and 2) Nancy Brignall 15 June 1824
My cousin in Canada, Dan Lee, is a direct descendant from this Saxby line!
Sam and Elizabeth had a son born abt 1835 in Orsett Sussex who married Rebecca Skeggs 1 November 1856.
Their son Samuel Saxby born abt 1858 Hornchurch Sussex married Susannah Tickner Sep qtr 1879 Romford District
Their son William Henry Saxby born abt 1895 married Mabel Sarah Constance Keel in 1917

To put the Keel's into context, my mothers sister, Queenie Hooper married Cyril Alfred Jellicoe Keel 16 March 1942.
His father was Alfred Edward Keel who married Lilly Ann Butler⁸ April 1899.
His father was Richard Keel who married Elizabeth Feltham 14 October 1849.
Their son Herbert Keel had a Liaison with Lois Brown and hence Mabel Sarah Constance Keel was born 16 November 1894.

Wm Henry and Mabel Emigrated to Canada around about 1923. Their daughter Dorothy Saxby married Daniel William Lee.
Their son is Daniel Lee born 21 October 1950 Oshawo Canada.

Queenie Hoopers sister, Amy Rosina Hooper was my mother born 17 July 1925 in Hammersmith. Their is a 26 age gap between my mother and father, Albert Hindmarsh. He was born 29 June 1899 in Byker Northumberland.

John James Allen Hindmarsh 22 June 1948 in Karnkie Cornwall and currently reside in Gildersome Leeds!

1/8^9aw. James Henry (Harry) Parkes

   Born: 1867, died 1914??⁹.
Married: Emilie Alice Field (Census01)
Emily may still have been alive in 1944 ("Aunt" Emily & [cousin] Tim referred to in EA Parkes letter of 31^st Dec 1944).
Worked in family business (Ref JP&S)
Not listed in 1881 index, found by Jill Bradley and boarding school in Summer Hill Rd, B'ham.
1891 census, with parents.
1891 Census, Fern Cottage, Goldthorne Hill, Upper Penn:
George Field (69, Retd Supervisor if Inland Revenue, Cambridge), Sarah (59, Derbyshire Eckington), Emily A (23, Mansfield).
1901 Census, Bank St, Willenhall:
James Harry Parkes (Hd, 33, Lock & General Key Manufacturer, Employer, Willenhall), Emilie Alice (Wf, 32, Mansfield Notts), Harry George (4, Willenhall), Sarah Field (69, m-in-law, Alfreton, Derbys).
Issue:
2/1. Nora who died 19/8/1895, aged 7 months (ref Tombstone).
2/2. Harry George (1896-1946) (called "Cousin Tim" by AJ   
   Parkes, ref DSM). Harry joined JP&S in 1911. Had no issue.

1/9^9a. Ebeneezer Thomas Parkes. Born 1865, died 1952 in Putney.

1900: Bank clerk, as executor of his father's will.
A Banker in Oldham and London.
1891 census^JB, Bank Clerk in Rochdale.
1901 Census, 126, Manchester Rd, Rochdale:
Ebeneezer T. (36, Bank Cashier, Willenhall), Helena (35, Willenhall), Reggie (9, Rochdale), Marjorie (5, Castleton), Alan S (6 mths, Castleton)
Married: Helena Banks 1892.
Issue:
2/1. Reginald Parkes abt 1892.
2/2. Alan Sterling Parkes, born Rochdale 1900, a Professor at

Cambridge, who initiated much of the original Parkes family research (ASP references & ^9a).  The work was done for the registration of his coat-of-arms, which was similar to that of his cousin, AJ Parkes.
Married Ruth Deanesley (born 1901), in 1933.
3/1. John Francis Anthony Parkes, b. 1936.

Married Margaret Walsh, b. 1966.
4/1. David Alan Parkes, b. 1968.
4/2. Helen Katherine Parkes, b. 1972.
4/3. Andrew James Parkes, b. 1973.

3/2. Katherine Rose Parkes, b. 1939.
3/4. Hilary Deane Parkes, b. 1942

2/3. Marjorie Parkes abt 1896.
2/4. Rosalind Parkes.

DETAILS of JOSIAH PARKES (1823-1899):

Marriage Certificate:
Married on 10/10/1847 at an Independent Chapel, Wolverhampton. 
Age: "full".  Occupation: Roller. Residence: Oxford St, Bilston. 
Father: Josiah, his occupation: Dyer (Deceased).
Her age: "full". Her occupation: Dressmaker, of Hall Fields, Bilston.
Her father: William Cope, a Labourer.
Witnesses: Edward D??thaw & William Cope (his mark).

Died: Fernside, Willenhall, 7/8/1899, aged 76 (ref Tombstone).
      D/C: at Bank St, Willenhall, aged 75, Iron merchant (retd) "Morbus Corpus". E Parkes of Thompson St, informant.
Prob Lichfield, 10/7/1900, Executor: ET Parkes, Bank Cashier. £812.
For Full Text of Will

Also found in Gornal PR:
John Parkes ch 24/5/1828 of William & Elizabeth, Labourer of Gornalwood.

1841 Census, Oxford St, Bilston:
Family including: Josiah (17, Iron Roller, Staffs),
1847 (marriage): Oxford St, Bilston. Occupation: roller.
1851 Census, 3, Union St, Willenhall:
Josiah (27, Iron Merchant, Gornal), Catherine (28, Bradley).  Next door were the Fryers, the grand-daughter of whom married Josiah's son WEP.
1851 Wolverhampton Directory, Willenhall, Union St:
William & Josiah, iron, steel & wire merchants
Also Samuel Parkes, key maker, Mill St.
1855 (WEP's Birth): Iron Dealer, Union St, Willenhall.
1861 Census, Union St, Willenhall:
Josiah (38, Merchant, Gornal), Catherine (39, Bradeley), B Willenhall:
Beatrice (8, Scholar), Charlotte (7, Scholar), William (6, Scholar), Josiah (5, scholar), Elizabeth (1), + Charlotte Rowland (visitor, mar, 34 Bradeley), John Rowland (2, Bradford/Manchester??), Charlet (2 mths).
Presumably Catherine's sister.
1864: Trades Directory, W & J Parkes, Iron Merchants, Lock Latch & Bolt makers, Union St.
1871 Census, Union St, Willenhall:
Josiah (48, Iron Merchant, Gornal), Catherine (49, Bilston), William Edmund (17, Clerk to Iron Merchant), Josiah (14), John (9), Elizabeth (11), Ebeneezer Thomas (7), James Harry (4) All children born in Willenhall.
1881 Census, Doctor's Piece, Willenhall:
Josiah (57, Iron Merchant, Gornal), Catherine (57, Bradley), Josiah (24, Iron Merchant's Clerk), Elizabeth (21), John (19, Iron Merchant's Clerk), Thomas (16, Banker's Clerk) (ch b. @ Willenhall) (WEP was at Elizabeth Fryer's on the Census night!).
1881 (WEP's Marriage): Doctor's Piece, Hardware Merchant.
Photograph of Tombstone at Apostolic Temple, Temple St, Willenhall
1891 Census, Harper St, Willenhall:
Josiah Parkes (67, merchant, Gornal), Cath (69, Bilston), Jas Hry (23)

CATHERINE
daughter of Josiah & Catherine Parkes
Died Oct 18th 1858, aged 7 months
Also Beatrice, their daughter and wife of Leonard Baxter
died April 8th 1887 aged 33 years
Also John, son of the above and husband of Elizabeth Parkes died Feb 26th 1893 aged 31 years
Also Nora, daughter of Harry & Emilie Parkes
died August 19th 1895, aged 7 months
Also the above named Josiah Parkes of Fernside, Willenhall died August 7th 1899, aged 76 years.
Also Catherine wife of the above Josiah Parkes died November 14th 1903 aged 81 years.

DETAILS of CATHERINE COPE (1822-1903):

PR: Ch 10/3/1822 @ Bilston, abode Bradeley, father a Labourer
DC: died 14/11/1903 at Laurel Cottage, Temple Bar, Willenhall, widow of Josiah Parkes, E Parkes son of Fernside, The Manor, Willenhall.

1841 Census: at Hall Fields, Bilston, a Dressmaker
1847 (Marriage): at Hall Fields, Bilston, a Dressmaker.
1851 Census: at Union St with Josiah
1855 (WEP's birth): Union St, Willenhall.
1861 Census: at Union St.
1871 Census: Union St (49, Bilston).
1881 Census: at Doctor's Piece, Willenhall.
For Full Text of Will

------------------------------------------------------------------
************************* GENERATION 7 ***************************
------------------------------------------------------------------

JOSIAH PARKES (1).

                                AM07/17

Ch (PR)²:
8/4/1778 @ the Old Meeting House, Dudley (Presbyterian/Unitarian).
Parents: Richard & Jane (Dunton) Parkes.
Married (2nd)²: Beatrice Turner 5/4/1821 @ West Bromwich.
  Both of this Parish, he a widower, witnesses John & Mary Cooper.
  John Cooper probably a cousin or her uncle (b 1769).

Died¹: 12/6/1845 @ Oxford St, Bilston, age 66, a dyer, congestion of the liver: Josiah Parkes present, of Oxford St.

According to Alan Parkes:
born 1778 Dudley and Bilston, parents Richard and Jane Dunton.  He married Beatrice Turner, born 1800 of William Turner of Bilston.

Josiah Parkes was a schoolmaster when his second son by Beatrice Turner was born in 1823, resident in Upper Gornal, between Wolverhampton and Bilston, Staffordshire. His son Richard was born in Bobbington Heath in 1830, when Josiah was still a schoolteacher. The Bobbington Charity School is mentioned in the 1827 Enclosure Map. He became a dyer later and was living in Oxford St, Bilston by 1841. His age of 62 in the 1841 Census is not reliable: the figure on his death certificate agrees with the birth given above.
A tallow chandler at some time later in life (George marriage).

He was a widower when he married Beatrice Turner in 1821, but no reliable information has been found about his earlier wife/wives. Three possibilities are shown on the IGI. Geographically, the first, to Diana Thomson, is the most likely. The parish records throw no light on this.

A Jonathan Parkes, Dyer, was active in Oxford St, Bilston in 1845.
A son by earlier marriage or a misspelling of Josiah??

A Josiah Parkes and his brother John, were glovemakers in Worcester in 1821: unlikely to be the same ones.

Married (1st, options from IGI):

(a) Diana Thomson 24/3/1811, Halesowen.
PR: JP, batchelor OTP m DT spinster OTP by Banns.  (many Thompsons & Parkes in Halesowen).
Issue (ch Rowley Regis): Mary (25/12/1811), John (21/5/1820).

(b) Mary Wright,  11/5/1801, Aston Juxta, Birmingham.
Issue (IGI): Thomas Holt (Dudley, 25/5/1802), John Holt (W'ton, 28/2/1803)

(c) Martha Burton  3/8/1807, St Martin, Birmingham.
Issue (IGI): Nil

BEATRICE TURNER

                                 AM07/18

See: Bilston PR, Staffs RO (Bobbington not on IGI)
Born²: Ch. 25/8/1799, Bobbington  (PR) & of Bobbington.
Parents: William & Sarah (Cooper) Turner (PR).
Died²: Bobbington 1864 (ASP)
Beatrice Whitehead buried Bobbington 1/5/1864, aged 65, of Bilston. This was her, having remarried.

DC¹: Died 25/4/1864, 50&51 Oxford St, Bilston, aged 65, wife of Edward Whitehead, fruiterer, of Asthma & congestion of lungs, informant E. Parkes of 25 Oxford St (probably son Edward).

Married (2): Edward Whitehead, 26/7/1848, Wolverhampton.

    Professor Alan Parkes stated that Beatrice Turner was born in 1800, and her father was William Turner of Bilston. When married, she was "of West Bromwich". In 1841 she was 42 years old, confirming a date of birth of about 1800; however, Josiah was also shown as being 62 (not 42 as originally read). She is found in Oxford Street, Bilston, in 1851 & 61, married to Edward Whitehead, a grocer & fruiterer, who she married in 1848 when she was a dyer, carrying on from Josiah's business.

    Her third son being christened in Bobbington Heath (confirmed that this was the correct Parkes by Josiah being a schoolmaster in 1830 as he was in Upper Gornal 1823), and her death there point to her having family there. In 1841 and 1851, there were Turners living in the village. William and Sarah were 74 and 73 in 1851: they were her parents. He was born in Trysull (ch 11/5/1777) of parents Richard and Mary.

    Also found were a family of Turners living at 68, Union St, Willenhall in 1851: William, a locksmith born in Willenhall abt 1802 and his wife, Elizabeth, aged 50. They also had lodgers surnamed Turner, was this a brother of Beatrice??.

Issue of Josiah & Beatrice (Turner) Parkes:

1/1. William Parkes

Born: 1821/2 @ Gornal (Census only, no IGI)
(Parish records of this date did not survive).

Married: Elizabeth Fletcher (re. Paul Bowman) 26/12/1843, Collegiate Ch W'ton, he a locksmith, her father William Fletcher, Carrier. Both Full age. (MC).

From JP&S history:

Originally from Gornal, he was an apprenticed locksmith in Willenhall and eventually set up an ironmongery business at 9 Union Street.

Founded Josiah Parkes & Sons with brother Josiah Parkes around 1840 in Willenhall, beginning their partnership as iron merchants, having premises in Doctor's Piece.

By 1851 (1857?) William and Josiah had a partnership and were advertising in the local papers and trade journals as:
William & Josiah Parkes, Iron, Steel and Wire Merchants, Union St.

In 1861 he moved to larger premises at 78 Union St with his wife, Elizabeth and four children.

Friction developed between the two families about who was going to control the business. To resolve the problem, William and Josiah dissolved the partnership around 1873 and set up two separate businesses, Josiah Parkes and Sons and Parkes, Parkes and Co., but they both traded from the same address.  Parkes, Parkes and Co. traded successfully for a while and then both Samuel and Josiah started other businesses.  The Union Street business of Parkes, Parkes & Co. faded out, as did the Samuel Parkes' business. (This part of the JP&S history is not quite correct - Samuel Parkes business remained until early 21stC).

Willenhall Lockmakers & Allied Trades 1835:
William Parkes listed as Padlockmaker of Walsall St, also there 1818,

also Samuel Parkes.

1864 Trade Directory: William & Josiah Parkes, Ironmerchants and lock, latch and bolt makers of Union St.

A William Parkes aged 20 was living in King St, Willenhall, in 1841: he was a locksmith. This is probably the same man.

1851 Census: 9, Union St Willenhall:
William (29, Locksmith, Gornal), Elizabeth (31, Willenhall), Samuel (4, Willenhall), Josiah (3, Willenhall), Catherine (1, Willenhall), Richard (brother, 20, Locksmith, Bilston).

1861 Census: Union St, Willenhall:
William (39, Merchant, Gornal), Elizabeth (40, Willenhall), Samuel (14, Scholar), Josiah (12 Scholar), Catherine (10, Scholar), William (8, scholar)

1871 Census 71 Union St Willenhall,
William (49, Iron Merchant, Dudley), Elizabeth (52, Willenhall), Josiah (son, 23, Clerk to Iron Merchant, Willenhall), Catherine (dau, 21, Willenhall).

1881 Census: 88, Union St.
William Parkes (Hd, 59, Iron Merchant, Sedgley), Elizabeth (wf 62 Willenhall).

1891 Census: 92 New Rd, Willenhall: Elizabeth Parkes (wid, 72, own means, Willenhall).

   Issue:

   2/1. Samuel Parkes, born 1847, joined father and uncle Josiah

as iron merchants clerk. Later became a hardware merchant, Samuel Parkes & Co Ltd, New Rd. Willenhall, (ref Census & JP&S history), which remained in business until abt 2006.
There was a Samuel Parkes, keymaker, in Mill St in 1864.
Elected to 1st Willenhall Urban District Council, 1st meeting was held on December 31st 1894

1881 Census, 94 New Rd, Willenhall (all b Willenhall)

Samuel Parkes (34, Hardware Merchant), Harriet (36), William H. (10), Samuel R (8), Minnie H. (6), Ethel A. (3).

1891 Census, 94 New Rd, Willenhall (all b Willenhall).

Samuel (44, Hardware Factor), Harriet (44), William H. (20, Student in Theology), Samuel R (18, Hardware Clerk), Ethel A (12, scholar) Mabel EK (10 scholar), Jeannie G. (8, Scholar)

1901 Census, New Rd, Willenhall:
Samuel Parkes (54, Hardware Merchant), Harriet (55), Samuel R (28, Hardware Merchant's Clerk), Minnie H. (26), Mabel E.K. (20), Jennie G. (18),

Married Harriet Hodson, 1869, W'ton^JB.
3/1. William H. Parkes abt 1871, C1901, Clergyman, Hawarden,
   Flintshire
3/2. Samuel Parkes abt 1873
3/3. Minnie H abt 1875
3/4. Ethel A abt 1878.
3/5. Mabel E.K. Parkes abt 1881
3/6. Jennie G. Parkes abt 1883.

   2/2. Josiah Parkes, born 2/4/1848 PR Willenhall.

joined father and uncle Josiah as iron merchants clerk, and became a brass founder in Wood Street.

1881 Census, 93, Wood St, Willenhall.

Josiah Parkes (32, Brass founder employing 2 men & 3 boys, Willenhall), Mary (28, Walsall).

1891 Census, 93 Wood St, Willenhall^JB:

Mary Parkes (Hd, Wid, 37, Brassfounder, Walsall), Eliza May Hadley (niece, 16, Brassfounder's Assistant, London, Bermondsey), Edith A (niece, 13, BFA, Walsall).

1901 Nil.

   2/3. Catherine Parkes, born 1850 Willenhall. (Census).

      MJB. abt 1876 West Derby, Lancs, Frederick Henry Fortman (b
      1847, Willenhall) 1881-1901, a chemist/druggist, Willenhall.

   2/4. William Fletcher Parkes, born 1853, Willenhall (census)

(referred to in JP&S history)

joined father and uncle Josiah as iron merchants clerk.
Married: Mary Charnock (re Paul Bowman) West Derby 1879JB.
1871 Census, Lyton St, Everton, Lancs.
William Henry T(F)oole (Ironmonger/Master employing 4 men & 3 boys), William F. Parkes (boarder, 18, Ironmonger's apprentice, Willenhall).
1881 Census, 33 Erskine St, W. Derby, Liverpool.

William Fletcher Parkes (28, Ironmonger emp 4 men, 4 boys, Willenhall), Mary (30, Liverpool), Marie Elizabeth (3 mths, L'pool), Mary Charnock (63, m-in-law, Holyhead), James Charnock (b-in-law, 27, Baker, L'pool).
1891 Census: Walsall Rd, Cannock^JB:
W Fletcher (38, Ironmonger), May (40), M Eliz (10), Madeline (8), Francis W (6), Josephine (5), Isabella (4), Josiah J (1).
1901 Census, 67 Caldmore Rd, Walsall:

William F Parkes (wid, 48, Builder's Clerk, Willenhall), Marie E. (dau, 20, Draper's Assistant, Liverpool), Marguerite M. (18, Milliner's improver, Cannock), Josephine (15, Cannock), Isabel R (14, Draper's Assistant, Cannock), John J. (11, Cannock).
3/1. Marie Elizabeth Parkes abt 1/1881, L'pool.
3/2. Marguerite M. Parkes abt 1883, Cannock.
3/3. Josephine Parkes, abt 1886, Cannock.
3/4. Isabel R. Parkes, abt 1887, Cannock.
3/5. John J. Parkes, abt 1890, Cannock.

1/2. Josiah Parkes, ch Gornal 9/9/1823.
1/3. Harry Parkes, born 1827, an engineer in 1841, living with his

parents. Not found 1861.
Married: Eliza Fanton, 11/4/1850, Tipton (ages 24 & 21, she a widow bonnet maker, dau of William Granger.

Census 1851, 3 Church St, Bilston, a possibility:
Henry Parkes (Hd, 25, Mechanic, Wolverhampton), Eliza (33, Bilston (Henrietta (dau, 4 mths, Bilston), Mary Fanton (d-in-l, 11, Bilston), Caroline Fanton (d-in-l, 5, Bilston).

2/2. Henrietta Parkes, b abt 1851.

1/4. Richard Parkes, ch Bobbington 10/10/1830 (IGI).

Apprenticed locksmith and joined brothers in JP&S, but did not stay. (from census's and Jill Bradley).
1841 Census with parents.
1861 not found.
1862 a carter of Bilston Rd, Willenhall (Samuel's birth).
1871 Census, 12, New Hall Rd, Willenhall (all b Willenhall ex R.).
Richard Parkes (40, Iron scrap dealer), Emma (39), George (15), Kate (13), John (11), Samuel (8), Josiah (6).
1881 Census, 60 New Hall Rd, Willenhall (all b. Willenhall ex Rich):
Richard Parkes (50, Bobbington, Scrap iron dealer), Emma (w, 59), John (grocer's assistant, 21), Catherine (24), Samuel (File cutter, 17), Josiah (File cutter, 15), Alice (scholar, 9).
1891 Census, 10 Cemetary Rd, Willenhall (RG12/2239), all b Walsall:
Emma Parkes (wid, 59), Kate (33), John (31, Carter Iron Warehouse), Josiah (26, Carter), Alice (19).
1901 Census, 65 New Hall St, Willenhall:
Emma Parkes (wid, 69, Iron scrap broker), Alice (dau, 29).
Married Emma Smith (dau of Benjamin, a Lock Maker) 17/1/1853, Tipton.
2/1. George Parkes, abt. 1856
   1891 not found
2/2. Catherine Parkes, b. 1857.
2/3. John Parkes, abt. 1860.
2/3. Samuel Edward Parkes, b. 4/9/1862, Bilston Rd, Willenhall.
   1898, married Mary Ann Robinson, Dudley^JB.

1881 with parents, file cutter.
1891 Census, 74 Flood St, Dudley:
Ann Southall (wid, 64), Samuel Parkes (lodger, 28, File Cutter, Willenhall).
1901, Census, 18, Hunters Vale, Aston Manor, B'ham:
   Samuel Parkes (37, File Cutter), Mary Ann (35, Dudley).

2/4. Josiah Parkes, b. 1866.
   1871, 81, 91 with parents
   1901 Census, Albion Rd, Willenhall:
   Josiah Parkes (36, scrap iron dealer), Agnes (31, Shirl
   Heath), Clarence (3, Willenhall).
   3/1. Clarence Percival Parkes abt 1898.
2/5. Alice Parkes, b. 1872.

1/5. George Parkes, born 3/12/1836, Bilston.

Much of this line was provided by Jill Bradley^JB, a GG grand-dau.

Died^JB 8/3/1891, aged 57, house painter, Bronchitis, at Lozells St, Aston Manor.

Ref Jill Bradley:

Married Elizabeth Rice, b abt 1829, Birmingham.
1851: at Oxford St with stepfather, apprentice Painter & Glazier
1861: 129, Oxford St, Painter & Glazier with own family:
1871, Villa St, Aston:
George Parkes (36, painter, Bilston), Elizabeth (40), Edward (13, Jeweller's assistant, Bilston), John (12, Errand Boy, Bilston), Beatrice (10, Burnisher, Bilston), Frances (9, scholar, Bilston), Agnes (5, scholar, Aston).
1881 Census, 13, Villa St, Aston, Warks.
George Parkes (46, Painter, Wolverhampton), Elizabeth (52, B'ham), Edward (26, Painter, Bilston), Beatrice (20, Burnisher, Bilston), Frances (18, Burnisher, Bilston), Agnes (15, Burnisher, Aston manor), Charlotte Fischer (vis, 9, scholar, Wednesbury).
1891, 1901 not found

Marriage: 28/7/1856, Erdington.
He: age 23, Plumber & Glazier, Park Place, Hanbury Terrace, s of Joseph(?), a Tallow Chandler. She age 25, dau of John Rice, Tin Plate worker.

   2/1. Edward George Parkes abt 1857.

Died 1/5/1918, 26 Church Vale, Handsworth, age 62, house painter, cardiac failure.
1861 Census, with John & Sarah Rice (g/parents) Park Place, Aston
1891 Census, 145 Lozells St, Aston Manor.
Edward (33, painter & Glazier), Rose (33), George (8), Elizabeth (6), Agnes (3), John (1), Harriet Williams (M-in-L, wid, 72)
1901 Census, 88, Well St, Smethwick:
Edward (43), Rose (43), Elizabeth (dau, 16, Gold Cutter), Agnes (13), John (11), Rose (2).
M. 10/10/1881, Birmingham, Rose Emily Williams (10/10/1857-14/9/1934), dau of Henry & Harriet (Allen) Williams, a baker.
3/1. George Parkes, b. 1882, m Carrie.

         4/1. Amy Parkes, M. George Roper.
         4/2. George Parkes.
         4/3. Rose Parkes, M. Arthur Bayliss, 2 children.
      3/2. Elizabeth Catherine Parkes (30/1/1885,

D 19/6/1936, 177, Audley Rd, B'ham, age 51 Anaemia.
M. James Tittley 1/7/1911, Handsworth (B. 5/2/1878, Birmingham, s of Joseph & Rebecca (Jennings) Tittley, D. 23/2/1932, Birmingham, aged 54, Bricklayer, Cancer)
1916, James Tittley an ammunition worker.
4/1. Joseph John Tittley (1912-69)
   M. Emma Hodges (1903-74)
4/2. Irene Rebecca Tittley (31/10/1916, Birmingham-98)

M. 26/10/1940, Alfred John Hickman (1914-69), 3 children incl. son Gerald & dau Jill (Hickman) Bradley). Hickmans have always lived in one of the 3 Gornals, Upper, Lower, or Gornal Wood. Some worked as Boat loaders others were Bricklayers. Back to 1813.

4/3. Horace James Tittley (1919-87)
   M. Rhona Irene Wright
4/4. Howard Thomas Tittley (1921-26).

      3/3. Agnes Rose Parkes (1887-1960)
         M. Joseph Fletcher (1882-1946)
      3/4. John Parkes, b abt 1890, Birmingham.
      3/5. Rose Parkes, b abt 1899, Birmingham.

   2/2. John A. Parkes, born Bilston abt 1859.

1901 Census, 241 Heath St, Birmingham:
John A (44, Brass Fetler, Bilston), Sarah (wf, 46, Todington), John A. (8, Birmingham), Charlotte Coburn (S-in-L, 35), John Rice (uncle, 63, Wid, Stained Glass Worker).
2/3. Sarah Beatrice Parkes, born Bilston abt Jan/1861 (age 3mths at Census).
Married 17/2/1881 Aston, Herbert Hastilow, a Coachman, son of Joseph Hastilow a Dairyman.
1891 Census, 116 Albert St, Wednesbury:
Herbert Hastilow (37, Carter, Sutton), Beatrice (30), Avis (9), Frances (7), Herbert (5 mths).
1901 Census, St James Sq, Wednesbury:
Herbert (46, Groom), Beatrice (40), Herbert (10), Alfred (6).
3/1. Avis Hastilow, b abt 1882
3/2. Frances Hastilow, b abt 1884
3/3. Herbert Hastilow, b abt 1890
3/4. Alfred Hastilow, b abt 1895

   2/4. Frances Parkes, abt 1863
   2/5. Agnes Parkes abt 1866.

1/6. Edward Parkes, born Bilston, 1836-7. (ref Census's).

The descent from Edward has been supplied by his g-grand daughter, Sue Reeves^[ii] in Nov 2006.
1851 &61, apprenticed to and working with Stepfather.
1851 Census: Chapel House, Sedgeley:
Jonthn Wright (38, Railway Contractor, Hadsworth), Elizabeth (33, London), Ellen, 9, Sedgeley + 5 others.

1864, informant on mother's death resident at 25 Oxford St.
1871 Census, 72, Oxford St, Bilston:
Edward Parkes (34, Pawnbroker, master, Bilston), Ellen (30, wf), Ada Ellen (7, scholar), Albert Edward (6), Percy Edwin (4), Edward (2), Beatrice Jane (10mths). All ch b Bilston.
1881: Fruit and Potato Salesman.
1884 a Clerk
1891 a Commercial Traveller.
1901 the Parish Clerk at St. Michael and All Saints Tettenhall.
1891 Census, Upper Green, Tettenhall - this may be him (RG12/2223):
Edward Parkes (54, Commercial Traveller, Bilston), Ellen (50, Bradley), Edward (22, Cabinet Maker), Maude (19, Dress Maker), Lillian (17, Dress Maker), Aline (16, Pupil Teacher), Nellie (14), Hugh (11), Gordon (6) All issue Tettenhall.
1901 Census^JB. Church Walk, Tettenhall (probably him) (b Willenhall:
Edward (64, Parish Clerk), Ellen (60, Bradley), Maud (dau, 29), Lillian (27, district nurse), Olive (26, Asst schoolmistress), Nellie (24, Asst schoolmistress), Hugh (21, Clerk in manufacturers Office), Edward (22, Cabinetmaker, Bilston).
Married Ellen Matheson Wright, 2 October 1862, Queen Street Independent Chapel Wolverhampton. Witnesses George Lidington and Sarah Ann Wright.
Died on 24 August 1914 in Twyford Danescourt Road Tettenhall.
She was dau. of Jonathan Chell Wright (1813-1876) and Elizabeth Matheson (1817- ), b. on 15 May 1840 in Highfield Coseley Sedgley.
She was 1861 Housekeeper for William Armstrong, Pawnbroker in Wakefield. She died on 25 March 1914.
2/1. Ada Victoria Ellen Parkes, b. 18/8/1863, 25 Oxford st.   
   Bilston

D. 6 April 1923 in 80 Rugeley Road, Chase Terrace.
1881 a Pupil Teacher.
1881 Census, Parkfield Rd, Bilston:
William Evans (27, House Painter, Willenhall), Ada (27, Home Wife, Bilston), Martha (6), Alice Maud, 3), Harry (5).
1901 Census, Eastgate St, Chasetown, Staffs:
Ada Victoria Evans (39, school teacher), Harry (15, coal miner), Alice Maud (13, school teacher).
By 1901 she had left William and was a School Mistress, When Ada Parkes left her husband William Evans, family history says that a Parkes uncle helped her to move and get a job as a school mistress. Also John James Cooper, maybe another relative, was a mentor at the time.
Married William Evans on 14 July 1884 in St George's Parish Church Wolverhampton. William Evans , son of John Evans (1835- ) and Martha Jones, b. on 27 July 1863 in New Road Willenhall.
A Coal Dealers Son in 1881. By 1901 he is a House Painter.
D. on 22 November 1933 in Wolverhampton Road Heathtown. He is 'of 17 Union Mill Street' and he died from Carcinoma Prostate. E. Spelman daughter informant.
3/1. Martha Evans, born 4/9/1884 in 36 Gomer Street  
   Willenhall.                

married Henry Berresford, 28/4/1903,Lichfield Register Office.
Witnesses Harry Evans and Annie Garbett.

Henry Berresford , s of Henry Berresford (1850- ) and Ann ? (1851- ), born 1886 Burntwood. A Coal Miner Horse Driver.
4/1. Louisa Olive Berresford b. 9/1903 Lichfield 6b496.

4/2. Gordon Henry Berresford born 12/1905 Lichfield 6b461  

   A Publican. Kept The Miners Rest at Ogley Hay.

4/3. Alfred Berresford born 3/1908 in Lichfield 6b 496.

   A Publican kept The Jubilee between Hednesford and
   Littleton. He married Hannah Harpin, 9/1932 Lichfield.

4/4. John Berresford born 6/1910, Lichfield 6b 476.

   A Publican. Kept The Miners Rest on Ogley Hay Road.

   Married Elizabeth Heggs in June 1937 Lichfield 6b861.

4/5. Cynthia N Berresford born 12/1912 Lichfield 6b 919.

4/6. Ada Matheson Berresford b. 9/1914, Lichfield 6b977.

   Married Horace G Colbourne 6/1939, Lichfield 6b 1130.

   1/1998 in Walsall D50A 092.

4/7. Millicent Berresford born 3/1917, Lichfield 6b 683.

   Married George D Richardson 9/1939 Lichfield 6b 1305.

4/8. Lillian Grace Berresford b.12/1918, Lichfield 6b622.

4/9. Kathleen Martha Berresford b. 3/1920 Lichfield
   6b1049. Married William Gill 9/1941 Lichfield 6b 1035.

4/10. Philip Berresford 9/1924, Lichfield 6b 772.

   Married Bernice R Jobburns 12/1946, Lichfield 9b 489.
   He died in August 1993 in Lichfield 48c 024.
4/11. Winifred Joyce Berresford born 6/1926, Lichfield 6b    
   762. She was a Munitions worker Birmingham during WW2.
   Married Christopher J Watters 9/1948, Lichfield 9b752.
   She died in September 1993 in Lichfield 48c 067.

      3/2. Harry Evans born 22/8/1886, 36 Gomer St. Willenhall.

A Coal Miner. D. 27/3/1963, 2 South Close Cannock.
Married 12/4/1909, St Annes Church Chasetown, Jessie Ellen Chapman, (1845-1935) and Martha Wigley (1848-1913), born 5/11/1886 Brownhills. She was a Driver. She drove the horse and cart transporting miners to work. Died in 1958, 82 Rugeley Rd Chase Terrace.
4/1. Harry (Alfred) Evans born 4/7/1914, Hednesford Road    
   Brownhills Norton. J E Evans reg birth. Died on 22/12/1916
   Jacobs Hall Lane Great Wyrley from Basal Meningitis.
   Sapper F J Morris, uncle of 64 Union street Bridgtown
   Cannock registered death on December 26th .
4/2. Lillian Eilean (Toby) Evans born 17/3/1918, Chase
   Terrace.
   She died in September 1997 in Cannock.
   Married,5/1943, St Annes Chasetown, Lawrence Douglas
   Gibbons born 1918, a Master Butcher. Had 2 shops in
   Cannock. He died in April 1997 in Stafford (SGI).
   5/1. Judith Gibbons (1943- )
4/3. Jack Evans born 4/9/1922, Rugeley Rd. Chase Terrace.

An Engineer in the army during WW2. Then worked for Tarmac servicing, installing and purchasing cranes.
He died in August 1997 in Walsall.
M. Dorothy Marion Barnett , dau. of Barnett and Elsie Phillips, was born on 22/12/1923 Lichfield. A Dressmaker.
She died in August 2003 in  Walsall.
5/1. Robert Barnett Evans (1947- )

         4/4. Eric Evans b. 22/3/1927, 82 Rugeley Rd Chase Terrace

An Electrical Engineer. He married Florence Janet Jeffs on 16 October 1948 in St Pauls Church Stafford.
5/1. Susan Margaret Evans born 23/9/1950.

M. Roger Malcolm Reeves (b 1946), 7/4/1973 St Pauls Church Stafford. son of George Reeves (1913-1986) and Beatrice Veasey (1910-1999), born 6/12/1946 in Leicester. A Photographer.
6/1. David Reeves, b 26/3/1977.
6/2. Katherine Reeves, b 15/10/1980.

           5/2. Anne Patricia Evans born 20/2/1954 Chase Terrace.

A Clerical Officer Tax Office. M Graham Fisher 11/1974 St Pauls Church Stafford, born in 1951 in Stafford.
M Howard Roy Jones 9/1978 in Stafford Register Office. Son of Frank Albert Jones (1915-1978) and Florence Grace Meardon (1916- ).
6/1. Christopher Roy Jones born 29/12/1980 in Stafford. An Electrical Technician ?
6/2. Emily Susan Jones born 16/1/1982 in Stafford. A Teacher.

      3/3. Alice Maud Evans, born 20/4/1887 in Suffrage Street

Smethwick reg. Kings Norton. An Assistant Schoolmistress.
Died 29/4/1943, Walsall General Hospital from toxaemia, intestinal obstruction and impacted gallstone aged 56. A L Heath, son present at death.
Married 17/3/1907 in Pictou, Nova Scotia.
William (Bill) Heath , son of Charles Heath (1858- ) and Emily  ? (1861-1898), born in 1882, Boney Hay reg. Lichfield. A Miner.
4/1. William Eric Evans born 7/10/1906, Chase Terrace.
   Reg at Lichfield 13.11.1906. A Male Nurse Rubery Hill
   hospital. Married Ethel Burdett, 12/1933 in    
   Cannock6b1126. 4/2.Albert Lionel (Jackie) Heath born
   3/1909 in Chase Terrace.
   Married Dorothy I Humber December 1934 in Lichfield 6b
   1038.
4/3. Alice Maud Mary (Dolly) Heath born 25/11/1911 Rugeley
   Road Boney Hay Burntwood. Married Ernie Burdett 3/1933   
   Lichfield, Died 9/1997 in Lichfield 58c 197.
4/4. Cecile Jeanne Heath born 9/1920 Chase Terrace.  
   Lichfield
   Married Percy J K Dunning 3/1943, Lichfield 6b708.
   Died in September 2004 in Reg. Walsall B71A 039.

   2/2. Albert Edward Parkes, abt 9/1864, Bilston.

1891 Census, New Hall St, Willenhall:
Albert EE Parkes (26, Manufacturer's Clerk, Bilston), Harriett (25, Willenhall), Netta J (2, Willenhall), Alice M (1 wk, Willenhall)
1901: Commercial Clerk. Married Harriet May Braddock on 2 August 1886 in Immanuel Church Birmingham, daughter of Richard Braddock (1823- ) and Maria Babb (1826- ), was born in 1866 in Willenhall.
3/1. Violet Daisy Parkes, born in 1891, Christened 28.4.1891
   St Stephens Willenhall.
3/2. Ellen M Parkes (1898- )
3/3. Netta J Parkes (1888- )
   Harry Cooper and Netta J Parkes had the following
   children:
   4/1. Harry Cooper ( - )
3/4. Mary Kathleen Braddock Parkes born 1910, 532 Pleck Rd

Walsall. She died in 1957 in Walsall.

Married 31/3/ 1934, Walsall George Stanley Brown, son of George Harry Brown (1889-1917) and Annie Fellows (1893-), born 18/6/1912 Walsall. He died in 1973.
4/1. Norman Edward George Brown born 10/1/1935 Sandhills
   (nr Shire Oak) Lichfield Staffs. Aged 16 a Deck   
   apprentice Shell Tankers, P@O shipping Persian Gulf
   etc. Married Beryl on 21 December 1957 in Leeds Yorks.

2/3. Percy Edwin Parkes, b. 3/1867, Bilston, d. 12/80,  
   Willenhall.
2/4. Edward Lionel Parkes, abt 3/1869, Bilston.
   Cabinet Maker, Carpenter and Joiner self employed.
2/5. Beatrice Janet B Parkes, abt 6/1870, Bilston.
2/6. Alice Maud Laura Parkes, b. 1/2/1872, Willenhall,   
   dressmaker. d. 8/12/1934, Tettenhall.
2/7. Lillian Grace M. Parkes, abt 9/1873, Willenhall,
   District Nurse. M. Edwin RW Pears.
2/8. Millicent Gertrude Olive Parkes (29/12/1874-31/12/1918).
   an Assistant Schoolmistress.
2/9. Violet Edith Nellie Parkes, abt 12/1876, Willenhall.
   an Assistant Schoolmistress
2/10. Gerard Ivan Hugh Parkes, b 12/1879, Willenhall,

   a Manufacturers Clerk.
   Married Emma Jane Woodward, 18/9/1919 in The Wesleyan Chapel
   Newhampton Road Wolverhampton.
2/9. Hugh Parkes, abt 1880, Tettenhall.
2/10. Gordon Parkes, b 15/5/1884, Willenhall, d 17/10/1889,
   Tettenhall.

DETAILS OF JOSIAH PARKES (1778-1845):

1821 (marriage): West Bromwich.
1823 (Josiah's ch.): Upper Gornal, a schoolmaster.
1830 (Richard's ch.) Bobbington, schoolmaster.
1841 Census, Oxford St, Bilston:
Josiah (62, Dyer, not Staffs), Beatrice (42, Staffs), Josiah (17, Iron Roller, Staffs), Harry (14, Engineer, Staffs), Richard (10, Staffs), George (6, Staffs), Edward (4, Staffs).
His and Beatrice's age given as 42; this age does not agree with ASP.
Eldest son William was not there.
1845 (Slater's directory) Jonathan Parkes, dyer, Oxford St, Bilston.
1847 Josiah's Marriage: Deceased, last occupation: Dyer.

Other IGI alternatives for Josiah Parkes:
a) Rowley Regis 5/6/1788 ex John/Sarah
     Other children: Mary (1790), John (1793), Thomas (1794),  
     Joseph (1796), Sarah (1800).
     John m.: Sarah Holden W. Brom 1787
              Sarah Brooks Rowley Regis 1783
     John P. ch Rowley Regis 18/5/1766
          Brother Isaac b. 2/26/1769.
b) Oldbury 9/12/1787 ex Isaac/Hannah.
     Other children: Mary (1777), Richard (1780), Sarah (1784). 
     No parent details.
c) Halesowen 8/3/1800 ex George/Hannah. A bit young??
     Other children: Lucy (1788), Sarah (1789), George (1791),
     Phoebe (1792), John (1794), Hannah (1796), Mary (1799),
     Zephaniah (1805).
     George P. b. Hanbury 16/9/1764 ex George/Ann  (P021221 1070)
     George m. Ann Walters 17/5/1759 Hanbury (7709758-2)

Hilaire Belloc

Mother: Bessie Parkes, whose father Joseph had been a Birmingham solicitor, but lived latterly in London. She married at the age of 38 about 1868 (thus born 1830). Her uncle was a Josiah Parkes who died between 1868 and 18/8/1872, HB's father's death, probably nearer 1869.
Refer DNB for Josiah & Joseph Parkes.

DETAILS of BEATRICE TURNER (1800-1864):

1821 (marriage): at West Bromwich, OTP.
1841 Census: at Oxford St, Bilston with family age given as 42. 
1848 (marriage) at Oxford St, Bilston.
1851 Census: Oxford St, Bilston:
Edward Whitehead (54, Provision Dealer & Grocer, Manchester), Beatrice (50, Bobbington), Edward W. (so, 25, Manch.), Francis (son, 19, Manch), George Parkes (s-in-l, 18, Ap to Painter & Glazier, W'ton), Edward Parkes (10?, Ap to Hd of Family, Bilston).
1851 Wolverhampton Directory: Edward Whitehead, Fruiterer & greengrocer, Oxford St, Bilston.
1861 Census: 50&51 Oxford St, Bilston:
Edward Whitehead (65, Grocer & fruiterer, Manchester), Beatrice (62, Bobbington), Edward W. (so, 25, G&F, Manch.), Edward Parkes (25, G&F, Bilston).

Edward Whitehead's Daughter in Law ??????:
1861 Census: 145, Oxford St:
Harriet Whitehead (wife, 22, Bilston), Richard (son, 3, Bilston), Amy (dau, 1, Bilston).

Marriage 26/7/1848:
Edward Whitehead, widower, fruiterer, father Edward, a grinder.
Beatrice Parkes, wid, dyer, Oxford St, father William Turner, gardener.

WILLIAM COPE
                                AM07/19

Ch 3/3/1799, Polesworth, Warks (NE) (PR).
Parents: Richard & Theodosia Cope
Married: Sarah Gamdy @ W. Bromwich All Saints, 21/5/1821
     PR: both OTP, bachelor & spinster,
         witnesses: Henry Sanson & Catherine Gandy.
Died¹:  15/12/1861 at Hallfields, Bilston, aged 62, a Carter, of Emphysema & Bronchytis.
Buried at Apostolic Temple, Temple St, Willenhall

    William's place of birth in Census 1851 looked like "Hatton", which is near Warwick, but could have been Warton, where his father was born. He gave his place of birth as Polesworth in 1861.

    Polesworth was a centre of coal mining from early 18thC, and was very active by the early 19thC. The Coventry Canal reached there in 1790. The first deep mine was sunk in 1848.

    In 1821, Polesworth consisted of 363 houses and 1834 inhabitants; it is an extensive parish, with subdivisions such as Warton in its NE part. It was a coal mining area, and the Coventry-Fradley Canal was built about 1790.

    William Cope moved to the Black Country possibly following work on the canals. There were several Copes on or around the canal system in the Midlands: these people probably were related to William. For more details see under William's father, Richard.

    William was an illiterate labourer, living first in Bradeley and then in Hall Fields, Bilston. By 1861, he had moved to Duke Street and worked in a forge. He was a carter when he died in 1861. His mother-in-law, Hannah Gandy, then aged 93, was living with him in 1851.

SARAH GANDY

AM7/20

PR/IGI shows:
Born Bilston², ch 20/1/1795 at St Lawrence, Darlaston
Parents: John & Hannah.
Married²: William Cope W. Bromwich All Saints, 21/5/1821
Died¹: 3/6/1874 at Union St, Willenhall, age 80, widow of William Cope, labourer in iron works, pneumonia 17 days, Sarah Jane Walker of Union St, present at death.
Buried at Apostolic Temple, Temple St, Willenhall.

1851 Census: Oxford St, Bilston.  With family, age 56, born Bilston.

Issue of William Cope & Sarah Gandy, ch Bilston:
1/1. Catherine Cope 10/3/1822PR,
1/2. Charlotte Cope 18/4/1824PR,

   Married Mr Rowland.
   Issue:
   2/1. John Rowland, born 1859.
   2/2. Charlet Rowland, born 1861.

1861 Census, Union St, Willenhall: Probable.
Josiah (38, Merchant, Gornal), Catherine (39, Bradeley), .... + Charlotte Rowland (visitor, mar, 34 Bradeley), John Rowland (2, Bradford/Manchester??), Charlet (2 mths).
1871 Census, possibility: 8, Albert Place, Farnworth, Lancs.
Edward Rowland (39, Wid, Collier, Farnworth), John (12, Collier, Farnworth), Mary Ann (dau, 7, scholar, Farnworth)

1/3. Sarah Cope 26/3/1826, perhaps Sarah Jane Walker present at  
   mother's death.
1/4. John Cope 26/6/1831, (not found 1871)
1/5. Thomas Cope 16/12/1833, a furnace man in 1851, living at

home.
1871 Census: 14, Bilston St.
Thomas Cope (38, Man journeyman), Ruth (wf, 37) Sarah (10, scholar), William (9, scholar), Catherine (5, scholar), Mary H.(2), Thomas (3 mths). All b Bilston.

1/6. Hannah Cope 2/8/1835.

DETAILS of WILLIAM COPE (1799-1861):

1822-6 (children's ch): Bradeley, labourer.
1841 Census, Hall Fields, Bilston:
Wm Cope (40, Labourer, No), Sarah (40, Yes), Charlotte (15, Yes), Wm (10, Iron Lab, Yes), Thos (7, Yes).
1847 (Daughter's marriage): (Illiterate) Labourer of Hall Fields, Bilston
1851 Census, Hallfields, Bilston:  (not there 1841 & 61). 
William (Carter, 52, Hatton, Warks), Sarah (56, Bilston), son Thomas (Furnace Man, 18, Bilston) Grand mother, Hannah Gandy (93 Bilston). 
1861 Census, 2, Duke St?, Bilston:
William Cope (Labourer (forge), 62, Polesworth), Sarah Cope (wife, 67, Darlaston).

------------------------------------------------------------------

************************** GENERATION 8 **************************

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RICHARD PARKES
 AM08/33

According to Alan Parkes, the father of Josiah Parkes 1 was Richard, a master baker from Dudley, born abt 1742, who married Jane Dunton in 1774 (his third of four wives), and died in 1808.

A Richard Parkes was mayor of Dudley in 1781, as was William Parkes snr in 1732.

IGI/BT/PR:
The best bet for Richard Parkes birth is:

ch: 7/5/1741, Rowley Regis, William/Hannah

2nd marriage has Thomas Parkes as witness: he might have been brother.
From the IGI, the only parental combination showing a son Thomas is William & Hannah. This then is the most likely one.

Other Birth possibilities in Sedgley, Rowley Regis, Old Swinford:
ch: 23/4/1738, Rowley Regis, Richard/Margarett
ch: 13/8/1738, Rowley Regis, Samuel/Mary (Mary bur. same day)
ch: 4/5/1740, Rowley Regis, Richard/Sarah (prob not: see below)
ch: 5/11/1745, OS, William/Sarah (William m. Sarah Kindon 3/1/1744)
ch: 22/3/1747, Sedgley, father Josiah - note names.

PR/BT's checked.

10/10/94: Rowley Regis Printed copy of BT's to 12/1745 checked: Richard Parkes buried 12/9/1741
Richard Parkes, son of Sarah, widow, buried 19/4/1743: prob Richard born 4/5/1740.

Richard Parkes married:
1. Sarah Jessop, at St Thomas, Dudley, 8/9/1767.

Witnesses: Wm Dudley, Ed Jessop (brother?), Mary Haddon. She died 30/9/1772.
Sarah Jessop (Jissop) ch 24/11/1750 @ Dudley.
Parents: Edmond & Hannah
Brother: Edward (19/7/1747) = Mary: son Edward (St T 7/11/94)
Edmond Jessop m. Hannah Fawkes 30/9/1744 St Thomas, Dudley.

Issue of Richard Parkes and Sarah Jessop:
1/1. Richard (ch 14/5/1769)
1/2. Josiah (ch 20/5/1771 & ? Bur 16/9/1772)

2. Frances Windsor, at St Thomas, Dudley. 31/12/1772.
   Witness: Thomas Parkes
   Issue: none shown.    Death: not shown.

3. Jane Dunton at St Thomas, Dudley, 5/9/1774   (PR & IGI P17,390)
   Witnesses: Phebe Slovens, Jonas Stokes +2

     2 & 3 are the same man: the entries carry the same signatures, he was described as a widower for both 2 & 3.
     Richard & Jane's children are not on the St Thomas register: they were christened at the Old Meeting House N/C (Presbyterian) where Jane was christened.
     This register is found in RG4 2736. The children were baptised by W Wood, but the entries were certified by the next minister who added them at the beginning of his register: these three are not necessarily the only ones.
     There is no burial entry for Richard P at St Thomas or at The Old Meeting House.

JANE  DUNTON

AM08/34

ASP states: Jane Dunton of Dudley, b 1752, m 1774.
IGI/PR shows:
Ch 1/7/1752, Dudley, Old Meeting House Nc (Quaker)
Parents: Thomas & Jane (Whitehouse) Dunton.
Burial: 13/12/1779 @ St Thomas, Dudley (PR: "wife of Richard Parkes").
Married: Richard Parkes @ St Thomas, Dudley 5/9/1774 (PR)

Issue of Richard Parkes & Jane Dunton:
1/1. Thomas Parkes, born 2/9/1775.
1/2. Jane Parkes, born 24/8/1776.
1/3. Josiah Parkes, born 8/4/1778.
All ch @ The Old Meeting House Nc, Dudley (IGI). (printed copy of Presbyterian register checked 10/10/94 at Lichfield R/O). See Duntons.

Ann, dau of Richard & Jane Parkes buried St Thomas 16/6/1779.

Also Josiah Parkes bur RR 13/6/1777 (ancestry.com)

A William Parkes of Kinfare (Kinver) married Bobbington, 7 May 1776, Sarah Bennet: probably no connection.

RICHARD COPE 2

AM08/37

Ch: Polesworth, 24/12/1759.  (PR) of Warton.
Parents: Richard & Sarah (Richardson), m 1/11/1757, Polesworth
Married: Theodosia (no marriage on IGI)
         Is Dorothy Cope (with Joseph in 1841) Theodosia???

Cope Web site has Richard 2:
son of Richard COPE & Ann SNEAD

bapt.25-Jul-1763 in Polesworth, WAR. of Warton
This web site does not show Richard & Theodosia's first 2 children, (checked by AM in PR). If born July 1763 this would imply marriage at age 18 1/2 years. This site thus has a different ancestry for Richard Cope 2.

IGI shows: M Docey Wheeler, 15/4/1782 Allesley, Warwick, England. Allesley on western edge of Coventry - rather far away.
Dorothy Wheeler, ch 10/2/1758 Saint Phillips, Birmingham, of Robert & Mary Wheeler.
Robert Wheeler M. Mary Allen, 9/9/1745, St Phillips, B'ham.
Robert Wheeler, ch 14/7/1711 Long Compton, Warwick of John & Hannah Wheeler.

Warton is a hamlet near Polesworth, NE Warwickshire. Tithe & Enclosure records have no mention of Copes. There are no Cope gravestones mentioned in the records of M.I.'s.

Issue, ch Polesworth (IGI, all chkd on PR):
1/1. Thomas Cope, ch. 29/11/1782, bur 8/12/1782.
1/2. Mary Cope, ch. 19/10/1783, bur 25/10/1783.
1/3. Joseph Cope, ch. 7/11/1784.

1816: labourer of Polesworth.
IGI: Joseph Cope m Ann Rouse, 1/6/1806, Ilmington, Warwick.
Not very likely, abt 5 miles S of Stratford.
1841: Also in Bilston (not born in Staffs):
Joseph Cope (55, Boatman), Ann (60), Joseph jnr (20, Boatman), Maria (29), Dorothy (79). Joseph born bef 1786 not in Staffs, Boatman. 
In PR John & Dorothy Cope breeding in Newton Regis abt 1807.
Issue:
2/1. Maria Cope b. abt 1812, ch 19/11/1811, Polesworth.
2/2. Joseph Cope, b. abt 1817, ch 8/12/1816, Polesworth.

1861 Census, 21 Bilston St, Bilston: Joseph Cope (44, Day Labourer @ boat warf, Halesworth?? (Tamworth?)), Elizabeth (wf, 41, W'ton), William (s, 18, day labourer, Bilston), Joseph (s, 14, Boatman, W'ton), Isaac & Abraham (s, 8, scholar, W'ton), Thomas (3, Bilston), Mary (13, W'ton), Anne (5, Bilston), Sarah (6mths, Bilston).

1881 Census, Bilston.
Joseph Cope (64, Iron Works Lab, Warks), Elizabeth (wf, 61, W'ton), Isaac (28, son, IWLab, W'ton), Thomas (23, son, IWLab, W'ton), George Williamson (G/son, 6, Scholar, W'ton).

1/4. Richd Cope, ch. 7/8/1787.

M. 31/7/1808 Ann Jebbet M. Polesworth
Bapt Ann Jebbet 10/11/1782 Grendon Warks of William/Mary Jebbet
2/1. Sarah Cope Married Cousin Thomas K Jebbitt

M. 28/10/1839 Thomas Kirkby Jebbitt, Aston Juxta Birmingham
Alternatives for issue:
1840 1Q Anne Jebbitt Birt Derby of Thomas/Sarah Jebbitt
1841 4Q Emma Jebbitt Birt Lambeth London of Thomas K /Sarah Jebbitt Housekeeper Died 1907 Bur. Salisbury Wilts
1844 5 13 Israel Jebbett Bapt Walsall St. Matthew Staffs Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbett
1844 1Q Mary Jebbitt Birt Lambeth London Parents Thomas K /Sarah Jebbitt Died 2Q 1855?
1845 3Q William Jebbitt Birt Lambeth London Parents Thomas K & Sarah  Jebbitt Engine Fitter Brackley St. Peters Northamp. (1881)
1847 9 6 Thomas Jebbitt Birt Grove St. Southampton Hants. Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbitt Engine Driver LSWR
1848 10 14 George Jebbitt Birt Culver St. Salisbury Wilts Parents Thomas K /Sarah Jebbitt Railway Porter LSWR
1849 5 13 Israel Jebbett Bapt St. Matthew Walsall Staffs Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbett
1850 2Q Richard Jebbitt Birt Salisbury Wilts Parents Thomas K /Sarah Jebbitt M FULHAM 4Q 1881
1851 3 13 Phebe Jebbett Bapt Walsall ST.MATTHEW Staffs Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbett
1851 11 4 John Jebbitt Birt CULVER ST. SALISBURY WILTS Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbitt BOOKSELLER - ST.CLEMENTS MIDDLESEX (1881 CENSUS)
1852 4Q Hannah Jebbett Birt Walsall Staffs Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbett
1853 11 5 Hannah Jebbett Bapt Walsall St. Matthew Staffs Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbett
1855 2 25 Leah Jebbett Bapt Walsall St. Matthew Staffs Parents Thomas/Sarah Jebbett

1/5. Thomas Cope, ch. 26/8/1790 (PR).
Following from Cope website, 2/2007.
1831-1841: Carpenter, at Coppice Lane, Hartshill
1841 Census: Hartshill-Thomas Cope (Head) age 45 Carpenter
1841-1857: Carpenter, Joiner & Victualler, at 'Royal Oak' ,Coppice Lane, Hartshill, WAR.
1851 Census: Hartshill-Thomas Cope Head age 59 Carpenter, Joiner & Victualler born Sheepy LEI
Died: 16/8/1857 Hartshill, bur.18/8/1857 Holy Trinity, Hartshill. will: 09-Oct-1857 in Lichfield
Issue of Thomas Cope & Alice Hatton
2/1. Thomas Cope (bapt.17-Apr-1808)
married 2^nd: 29-Oct-1818 Mancetter, WAR.
ANN HARDING
b. Atherstone, WAR, bapt.25-Jan-1793 in P.C. Mancetter, War.
Parents: Thomas Harding & Ann
Publican at 'Royal Oak', Coppice Lane, Hartshill,(1857-aft.1862)
Issue:
2/2. Elizabeth Cope
2/3. Thomas Cope (b.Jan-1822:d.Apr-1822)
2/4. Ann Cope (b.c.1823)
2/5. Catherine Cope (bapt.03-Jul-1825)
2/6. Maria Cope (b.c.1828) m.bef.1851 to William PEAKE
2/7. Thomas Cope born Hartsill bapt.19/6/1831 Mancetter

died:15/8/1896 in Hartshill, WAR,
bur.18/8/1896 in P. Cemetery, Hartshill, WAR,
will: 31-Oct-1896 in Birmingham.
1841 Census: Hartshill Thomas Cope age 10 born WAR
1851 Census: Hartshill Thomas Cope Son age 19 Age. Lab. born Hartshill
1858: Carpenter at Gosford St., Coventry, WAR
1861 Census: Coppice Lane, Hartshill, Head age 29 Farmer born Hartshill.
c.1862: Carpenter & Collier, at Hartshill, WAR
c.1862: Victualler, at 'Royal Oak', Coppice Lane, Hartshill.
1881-96: Coppice Lane, Hartshill, WAR,(c.1881-1896)
1871 Census: Hartshill-Thomas Cope Head age 39 Labourer born Hartshill WAR
1881 Census: Mancetter Thomas Cope Head age 49 General Labourer born Hartshill WAR
1891 Census: Hartshill Thomas Cope Head age 59 General labourer born Hartshill WAR
married: 14/10/1858 in P.C. of St' Michael, Coventry^MC.
EMMA BANBURY
Parents: John Banbury & Susannah TEW
bapt.01-Mar-1835 in Church Lawford, WAR.
will: 22-Oct-1898 in Birmingham,
1841 Census: Church Lawford Emma BANBURY age 6 born WAR
1851 Census: Coventry St Michael-Emma BANBURY Serv age 17 Housemaid born Church Lawford
1861 Census: Hartshill Emma Cope Wife age 27 born Church Lawford
1871 Census: Hartshill Emma Cope Wife age 35 Lab's Wife
1881 Census: Mancetter Emma Cope Wife age 45 born Hartshill
1891 Census: Hartshill Emma Cope Wife age 56 born Church Lawford
Issue of Thomas & Emma:
3/1. Ann Cope (bapt.22-May-1859)
3/2. Mary Cope (b.18-Aug-1860)
3/3. Emily Cope (bapt.21-Jun-1863)
3/4. Tom Cope b.09/9/1871 in Hartshill. twin to Harriet

d.01-Dec-1951 in Melton Mowbray Infirmary, LEI.
bur.20-Dec-1951 in Ashby Rd. Cemetery, Hinckley, Leicester.
1881 Census: Mancetter Thomas Cope Son age 9 Scholar born Hartshill WAR
1891 Census: Hatton Thomas Cope Prisoner age 19 Colliery Storekeeper.
Labourer, at Hartshill, WAR,
Publican, at Hinckley, LEI,
County Court Bailiff, at Hinckley, LEI,
Coppice Lane, Hartshill, WAR,
Witherly Mill Witherly LEI,(c.1910-1914)
Hardy Villas Coventry Rd., Hinckley, LEI,(1914-1951)
Married: 19/4/1897 Hartshill PC
Elizabeth Ann STRINGER
Parents: John Stringer & Anne Perkins
b.06-Dec-1877 in Whittington, WAR,
1881 Census: Mancetter Elizabeth Stringer Dau age 3 born Whittington WAR
Issue of Tom & Elizabeth Cope:
4/1. John Thomas Cope (b.20-Dec-1897:d.12-Aug-1917)
4/2. Kate Maria Cope (b.04-Dec-1899:d.23-Feb-1987)
m.18-Jun-1923 in Holy Trinity P.C. Hinckley, LEI. to William Henry BEEBY
4/3. William Brannon Cope b.25-Sep-1902 in Hartshill.

bapt.09-Nov-1902 in P.C. Hartshill, WAR,
Died.01-Aug-1954 City General, Hospital, Leicester.
bur.1954 Cong's Chapel, Burial Ground, Earl Shilton.
25/9/1902-c.1910: Coppice Lane, Hartshill, WAR.
1914-1930: Coventry Rd. Hinckley, LEI,
c.1910-1914: Witherly Mill Witherly LEI
1930-c.1934: Station Rd. Earl Shilton, LEI.
c.1934-1954: 'Brynmore' Equity Gardens, Earl Shilton, LEI.
Hosiery Cutter at Hinckley, LEI,(c.1917-1935)
Engineer at Earl Shilton, LEI,(1935-1949)
Fire Wood Merchant at Earl Shilton,1949-1954
educated at: Hartshill, WAR
m.17-May-1930 in Independent Chapel, Earl Shilton.
Ethel Louisa WRIGHT
Issue of William & Ethel Cope:
5/1. Brannon Cope b.19/10/1935 m.27/7/1957 Dumbleton Ave. Congs. Leicester, Margaret Rita NEEDHAM
5/2. Jill Cope (b.16-Jan-1941) m.09-Aug-1963 in Registry Office, Hinckley, to George ELLIOTT.

4/4. Nora Emma Cope (b.27-Mar-1911:d.02-Feb-1997) m.1933 in Holy Trinity P.C. Hinckley, LEI. to John Thomas ADCOCK (Jack)
4/5. Henry Norwood Cope (b.14-Oct-1916:d.14-Oct-1916).

3/5. Harriet Cope (b.09-Sep-1871)
   m.04-Aug-1890 in PC. Hartshill, to Harry MAY
3/6. Joseph Cope (b.31-Dec-1873: d.1874).

2/8. Harriett Cope
2/9. Mary Cope (bapt.15-May-1836).

1/6. Francis Cope, ch. 19/2/1797.

IGI: Francis Cope m Catherina Powell, 23/10/1817, Vowchurch, Herefordshire. Not very likely.
Ch of Francis & Catherine Cope (IGI):
2/1. Elizabeth Cope C: 19 Jul 1818 Polesworth, Warwick,
2/2. Harriot Cope C: 29 Sep 1820 Bilston,
2/3. Richard Cope C: 6 Apr 1823 Polesworth,
2/4. Charlotte Cope C: 1 Jan 1826 Bilston, PR: Charlotte Cope ch 1/1/1826, parents Francis & Catherine, boatman of Bradeley.
2/5. James Cope C: 1 Sep 1828 Oxford Street Independ., Bilston,
2/6.  William Cope C: 1 Sep 1833 Bilston,
   1861 Census, 25 ton iron carrier (boat), W'ton:
   Francis Cope (63, Capt, Warton, Warks), Elizabeth (wf, 31,
   Tong)

1/7. William Cope ch. 3/3/1799.                   AM07/19
1/8. John Cope, ch. 4/4/1802.
1/9. Amey Cope, ch. 26/9/1803.

POLESWORTH HISTORY

The foundation of the Abbey in 829 was the key to Polesworth's growth, providing a focus for the local economy for the seven hundred years of its existence. Although the tenure of the Goodere and Nethersole families as Lords of the Manor had lessened the impact, the closure of the Abbey in 1539 must have been a terrible blow to the livelihood of those living in and around Polesworth. It was not until the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th Century that an economic replacement for the Abbey was found, thanks largely to the growth in coal mining in the area.

Coal had been mined on a small scale in Polesworth for hundreds of years, almost certainly as far back as the time of the Abbey itself and possibly further back still. Some of that early mining exploited shallow seams running close to the surface (such as one that ran under the Hall Court, which was mined well into the 19th Century). In other areas, the coal was actually visible at the surface and villagers could simply pick it off the ground.

By the latter half of the 17th Century, coal mining had become firmly established within the Parish of Polesworth. One entry in the Parish Register tells of the "Marriage of John Geatley of Polesworth, Coal Miner" on January 17, 1653. Another records the death of an Edward Atkins in May 18, 1688, who "was killed in a Coalpit, Dordon". Similarly, the churchyard at the Abbey Church holds the grave of Elizabeth Ward, who died in 1772. Her gravestone is engraved with a flare torch, a pick and a shovel.

The extension of the Coventry Canal through Polesworth in 1790 and the development of steam power encouraged a steady growth in coal production in the area. By the 1840s, coal mining and other industries were firmly established in the village (map 1).

In 1848, the first deep shaft was sunk at the Pooley Hall site. Two other collieries were also active in the village at this time. Whitehouse Colliery (also called "Gorby Knob Pit"), sited around a group of shafts between Polesworth and Dordon, was worked between 1855 and 1867. In Polesworth itself, Polesworth Colliery had a number of shafts in and around in the centre of the village. In addition to coal mining, there were numerous quarries and brickworks in operation.

Over the next 60 years, many of the smaller collieries were abandoned and, by around 1900, coal production was concentrated in three main sites (map 2).

Pooley Hall Colliery began production in 1897. In addition to a wharf on the canal, the Colliery also had a stretch of track laid to connect it to the main rail line. In 1951, Pooley Hall Colliery merged with nearby Amington and Tamworth Collieries to form North Warwick Colliery, under which name it traded until its closure in 1965.

Birchmoor Colliery (also called "Cockspur Colliery"), near the village of Birchmoor, was in operation from 1860 until 1927. A tramway was used to transport coal from the site to the canal, the line running overland to Tamworth Road where the wharf, "Polesworth Basin", was located. Established in the 19th Century, the wharf was used by a number of the industries in the village.

On the opposite side of the Watling Street from Dordon, stood the area's third colliery. Birch Coppice, or Hall End, Colliery began production in 1875. It was in operation for over a hundred years, finally closing in 1987. Although, like Birchmoor, it was connected to the wharf at Polesworth Basin by an overland tramway, the colliery also had a rail connection to the branch line at Kingbury, in addition to a second tramline running from a shaft at the nearby village of Wood End.

As mentioned earlier, numerous brickworks were sited in and around Polesworth. Perhaps the best remembered was The Midland Brick and Terra Cotta Co. Ltd., which was established a short distance away from Polesworth Basin in around 1813. The works were more familiarly known as the "pipeworks" or, simply the "brickworks". Still further along the canal stood a steam mill. Grain from local farmers was ground here, then shipped along the canal to Nuneaton and Coventry. In 1912, part of the mill was converted into a cinema, which in turn was replaced, after its closure in 1956, by a soft drinks factory.

Not surprisingly, the canal also spawned a boatyard. Situated near Grendon Road, the yard developed a reputation for the quality of its work and for its "castles and roses" paintwork. A thriving pottery industry also seems to have existed along the canal. Recent research has not only turned up a spoil tip near the location of the boatyard, but also brought to light evidence of strong links between the Polesworth potters and those in Staffordshire.

During the First World War, production at local mines grew and mining became the principal industry for the area. It remained so until the 1980s, when the demand for deep-mined coal declined and many of the collieries closed.

JOHN GANDY

AM08/39

No evidence has been found about John Gandy (5/1999), but the following Gandy's appear: He died before 1841.

IGI only candidate:
Ch: 6/9/1755 St Clements, Worcester
Parents: William & Sarah.
Sibling: Thomas Gandy C: 3 Dec 1758

Other Possibilities:
John Gandy C: 3 Nov 1760
Father: John & Anne Gandy @ Wichenford, Worcester, England
John Gandey C: 31 Aug 1765
Father: William & Jane Gandey @ Holy Trinity, Coventry, Warwick,

William Gandy options:
C: 14 Feb 1727 of William & Elizabeth, @ Studley, Warwick,
C: 12 Mar 1729 of Richard & Elizabeth, @ Studley, Warwick,
C: 21 Apr 1741 of Thomas & Alice @ Tanworth, Warwick,

Other Gandys about the place:
Edward Gandy ch 28/4/1822, parents Charles & Elizabeth, a Gun Lock Smith of Bilston Mills.
Gandy's appear in Fladbury 1721 (Elizabeth wf of John of Throckmorton died).

John Gandy married: Hannah (IGI or Pallots have no information)

HANNAH (GANDY)

AM08/40

Born: abt 1758, Bilston (ref 1851 Census)
Married: John Gandy
1841 Census: Hallfields with daughter Catherine.
1851 Census: @ Hallfields Bilston with daughter Sarah & son in law.    (Age 93, born Bilston)
Died: 6/7/1852 at Old Meeting House St, Bilston aged 94, widow of John Gandy, Stocktaker in Ironworks, due to "decay of nature" Catherine Sansone present at death.  (death cert).

IGI:
John Gandy M. Ann Smith 12 NOV 1777 Claines, Worcester (between Worcester & Ombersley).
John Gandy Ch. 06 SEP 1755 Saint Clement, Worcester

of William & Sarah.

Issue of John & Hannah Gandy, ref IGI):
1/1. Charles Gandy Christened 21/6/1778 in St Leonard’s Bilston

1822: A gun lock smith in Bilston (Edward ch. PR).
M. Elizabeth Cand